|
Coaching Glossary for Inner Conflict Resolution - Terms – Definitions
-See Links beside each entry for further detailed information. Links launch a new browser window.
NOTE: This glossary is a work in progress. It can be a useful tool for individuals, coaches and counselors.
If you have any suggestions to make this resource more comprehensive, please contact me.
You can use this list externally if you feel it would give you value.
Reference Link: http://www.yestv.net/thebridgeofpossibilities/html/coaching_glossary.html Thanks, Hal
Introduction:
This glossary represents 6 years of research into the topic of Inner Conflict Resolution. I have many
people to thank that walked with me at times through this process. See Gratitude Page. Of all the terms
and definitions covered here, the ones that sums up the promise of the Bridge of Possibilities for me are:
Namaste: ( wikipedia )
- In a religious context this word can be taken to mean any of these:
- The Spirit in me meets the same Spirit in you.
- I greet that place where you and I are one.
- I salute the Light of God in you.
- I bow to the divine in you.
- I recognize that within each of us is a place where Divinity dwells,
and when we are in that place, we are One.
- My higher energy salutes your higher energy.
- In other words, it recognizes the equality of all, and pays honor to the sacredness and interconnection of all, as well as to the source of that interconnection.
( Lasting Inner Conflict resolution comes from a faith that rises above human forgiveness to recognize the inherent and intrinsic value that we all are from our spiritual source. Inspiration from Rev. Carol Carnes.
The true core belief that we are enough and holding that space for ourselves and others in a Continuum. Hal )
Self Fulfilling Prophecy - Psychology : ( wikipedia )
- Robert K. Merton's concept of the self-fulfilling prophecy stems from the Thomas theorem,
which states that: “If men define situations as real, they are real in their consequences.”
- In other words, people do not react only to the situations they are in, but also, and often primarily,
to the way they perceive the situations and to the meaning they assign to these situations.
Therefore, their behavior is determined in part by their perception and the meaning they ascribe
to the situations they are in, rather than by the situations themselves.
Once a person convinces themselves that a situation really has a certain meaning,
regardless of whether it actually does, they will take very real actions in consequence.
Perspective - Cognitive : ( wikipedia )
- To choose a perspective is to choose a value system and, unavoidably, an associated belief system. When we look at a business perspective, we are looking at a monetary base values system and beliefs. When we look at a human perspective, it is a more social value system and its associated beliefs.
- Perspective in theory of cognition is the choice of a context or a reference (or the result of this choice) from which to sense, categorize, measure or codify experience, cohesively forming a coherent belief, typically for comparing with another. One may further recognize a number of subtly distinctive meanings, close to those of paradigm, point of view and reality tunnel.
____________________________________________________________________________________
“Enjoy your path and fill it with Gratitude, Love and Wonder......
- Peace be da Journey”, Hal Tipper Calgary, Alberta 09/21/06
A
A Course In Miracles: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- A Course in Miracles (ACIM), sometimes referred to as the Course, is a book of "spiritual psychotherapy" or spiritual transformation that has spawned a religious movement. It was co-written by Helen Schucman and William Thetford. The text is written as though Jesus Christ were the author speaking in the first person. Schuchman describes the writing process as "inner dictation" from a divine source through a form of channeling.
- This web-site, the bridge of possibilities workshop and upcoming book are written using
“A Course in Miracles” as the initial guiding principle whose whole process focuses on forgiveness
and meaning to change our thought system from one based on fear to one based on love and peace. Hal
Acceptance: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Acceptance, in spirituality, mindfulness, and human psychology, usually refers to the experience of a situation without an intention to change that situation. Acceptance does not require that change is possible or even conceivable, nor does it require that the situation be desired or approved by those accepting it. Indeed, acceptance is often suggested when a situation is both disliked and unchangeable, or when change may be possible only at great cost or risk. Acceptance may imply only a lack of outward, behavioral attempts at possible change, but the word is also used more specifically for a felt or hypothesized cognitive or emotional state. Thus someone may decide to take no action against a situation and yet be said to have not accepted it.
Accountability: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- is a concept in ethics with several meanings.
- At its root, accountability involves either the expectation or assumption of account-giving behavior.
- It is often used synonymously with such concepts as answerability, responsibility, blameworthiness, liability and other terms associated with the expectation of account-giving. As an aspect of governance,
it has been central to discussions related to problems in both the public and private (corporation) worlds.
Affirmation: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- A declaration that something is true and already existing in the present tense; an oath.
- A form of self-forced meditation or repetition; autosuggestion.
Agenda - Hidden: ( wiktionary )
- A wish (and plan) to implement a particular idea without telling
anybody even though people will be affected in a negative way.
Anger: ( external - wiktionary )
- Anger is an emotional response to a grievance; real or imagined; past, present or future, based on the perception of the angry person. Rage is extreme anger whether overtly expressed or repressed.
- Anger is often based on the perception of threat, and it is a frequent emotional component
in the fight or flight response, which is part of the broader stress response.
- Anger may be seem "provoked" (or triggered) by perceived threats, like conflict,
or by abstract concepts such as injustice, humiliation and betrayal among others.
- Anger is an active and passive emotion. When "active" an angry person can "lash out"
verbally or physically at an intended target whether justified or not. When "passive" anger is
often demonstrated in silence, sulking, passive-aggressive behavior (hostility) and tension.
Anxiety: ( external - wiktionary )
- Concern or solicitude respecting some thing or event, future or uncertain,
which disturbs the mind, and keeps it in a state of painful uneasiness.
- Anxiety is a complex combination of emotions that includes fear, apprehension and worry, and is often accompanied by physical sensations such as palpitations, nausea, chest pain and/or shortness of breath.- Anxiety is often described as having cognitive, somatic, emotional, and behavioral components (Seligman, Walker & Rosenhan, 2001). The cognitive component entails expectation of a diffuse and uncertain danger.
Approval - Handling the need for Approval: ( external ) - Coping.org
Arrogance - Pride: ( external - wiktionary )
- The act or habit of arrogating, or making undue claims in an overbearing manner; that species of pride which consists in exorbitant claims of rank, dignity, estimation, or power, or which exalts the worth or importance of the person to an undue degree; proud contempt of others; lordliness; haughtiness; self-assumption; presumption.
Assertion: ( external - wiktionary )
- The learned verbal skill of describing what you need or feel
to another person in a way that they can hear you clearly.
- To state as true that which has yet to be proved
Assumption: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- take to be the case or to be true; accept without verification or proof;
- Something taken for granted or accepted as true without proof
Attitude - Psychology - Implicit and Explicit: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Attitude is a concept in psychology. Attitudes are positive, negative or neutral views of an "attitude object":
i.e. a person, behaviour or event. People can also be "ambivalent" towards a target, meaning that they simultaneously possess a positive and a negative attitude.
Attitudes come from judgements. Attitudes develop on the ABC model (affect, behavioral change and cognition). The affective response is a physiological response that expresses an individual's preference for an entity. The behavioral intention is a verbal indication of the intention of an individual. The cognitive response is a cognitive evaluation of the entity to form an attitude. Most attitudes in individuals are a result of
social learning from the environment.
Authenticity: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Authenticity is a technical term in existentialist philosophy. In this philosophy, the conscious self is seen as coming to terms with being in a material world and with encountering external forces, pressures and influences which are very different from, and other than, itself. Authenticity is the degree to which one is true to one's own personality, spirit, or character, despite these pressures.
Autosuggestion: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Autosuggestion is a process by which an individual trains the subconscious mind to believe something,
or systematically schematizes the person's own mental associations, usually for a given purpose. This is accomplished through self-hypnosis methods or repetitive, constant self-affirmations, and may be seen as a form of self-induced programming. The acceptance of autosuggestion may be quickened through mental visualization of that which the individual would like to believe. Its success is typically correlated with the consistency of its use and the length of time over which it is used. Autosuggestion can be seen as an aspect of prayer, self-exhorting "pep talks", meditation, and other similar activities. A trivial example of self-improvement by autosuggestion is the New Year's resolution, especially if it is followed up by systematic attention to the resolution.
Autosuggestion is most commonly accomplished by presenting (either through caressing or bombarding) one's mind with repetitive thoughts (negative or positive), until those thoughts become internalized. Practitioners typically hope to transmute thoughts into beliefs, and even into actualities. Visualizing the manifestations of a belief, verbally affirming it, and thinking it using one's "internal voice", are typical means of influencing one's mind via repetitive autosuggestion. Autosuggestion is normally thought of as a deliberate tool, but it can also refer to an unintentional process.
The dominant thoughts that occupy a person's conscious mind, if constantly present over an extended period of time, may have the effect of training that person's subconscious mind to organize that individual's beliefs according to those thoughts.
Awareness: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
B
Bias: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- A bias is a prejudice in a general or specific sense, usually in the sense for having a preference to one particular point of view or ideological perspective. However, one is generally only said to be biased if one's powers of judgment are influenced by the biases one holds, to the extent that one's views could not be taken as being neutral or objective, but instead as subjective. A bias could, for example, lead one to accept or deny the truth of a claim, not on the basis of the strength of the arguments in support of the claim themselves, but because of the extent of the claim's correspondence with one's own preconceived ideas. This is called confirmation bias.
Behavior: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Behavior - Social: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- In biology, psychology and sociology social behavior is behavior directed towards, or taking place between, members of the same species. Behavior such as predation which involves members of different species is not social. While many social behaviors are communication (provoke a response, or change in behavior, without acting directly on the receiver) communication between members of different species is not social behavior.
- In sociology, "behavior" itself means an animal-like activity devoid of social meaning or social context, in contrast to "social behavior" which has both. In a sociological hierarchy, social behavior is followed by social action, which is directed at other people and is designed to induce a response.
Further along this ascending scale are social interaction and social relation.
in conclusion social behavior is a process of communicating
Belief: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Mental acceptance of a claim as truth.
- Belief is usually defined as a conviction to the truth of a proposition without its verification, therefore it is a subjective mental interpretation of the perception results, own contemplation/reasoning or communication.
- Belief has a strong utility character, in practice we believe in more things than we are able to imagine.
People believe in messages, causes, ideas, efficacy, love, persons and intentions, as well as, in many other plausible or not plausible events, such as ... horoscopes and hags.
- In the psychological sense, belief is a representational mental state
that takes the form of a propositional attitude.
- In the religious sense, "belief" refers to a part of a wider spiritual or moral foundation, generally called faith; historically generated by a group's need to provide a functionally valid foundation to sustain them. The generally accepted faiths usually note that when oppressive states are generated by it being exercised, and not a fact of reality, it was in need of more revelation or clarification.
Belief System: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Faith based on a series of beliefs but not formalized into a religion
- commonly understood as a group of beliefs or attitudes concerning an object (real or imagined),
person (real or imagined), or system of thought and the moral codes, practices, values, institutions,
and rituals associated with such beliefs or system of thought.
Betrayal: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Betrayal, as a form of deception or dismissal of prior presumptions, is the breaking or violation of a presumptive social contract (trust, or confidence) that produces moral and psychological conflict within a relationship amongst individuals, between organizations or between individuals and organizations. Often betrayal is the act of supporting a rival group, or, it is a complete break from previously decided upon or presumed norms by one party from the others.
Blame: ( wikipedia - wiktionary ) See Resistance, Judgment,
- Blame is when one entity assigns responsibility for an action (behavior) or event to another entity.
Blaming may often involve diverting responsibility from oneself. Lying is often involved in blaming,
although of course it is possible to assign blame to someone using truth perhaps however
selectively applied.
- Judgment and Blame are a belief in Lack. A person or situation not being good enough.
From the Law of Attraction perspective, a belief in lack is resistance that nullifies
the asking to manifest abundance. The 6 symptoms of conflict are also forms of resistance.
Bohm Dialogue: ( wikipedia )
- Bohm Dialogue or Bohmian Dialogue is a form of free association conducted in groups, with no predefined purpose in mind besides mutual understanding and exploration of human thought. It aims to allow participants to examine their preconceptions, prejudices and patterns of thought. Bohm dialogue was developed by David Bohm, Donald Factor and Peter Garrett starting in 1983. Bohm published his views on dialogue in a series of papers between 1985 and 1991.
- Bohm Dialogue (often referred to simply as Dialogue by its proponents) is conducted in groups of 10 to 40 people, who sit in a single circle, for a few hours during regular meetings or for a few days in a workshop environment. Participants "suspend" their thoughts, motives, impulses and judgements – exploring and attempting to "think together" collectively. According to the proposal, Dialogue should not be confused with discussion, lecture, discourse or debate, which, says Bohm, all suggest working towards a goal rather than simply exploring. Meeting without an objective or agenda is done to create a "free space" for something new to happen.
Boundaries - Setting: ( external )
C
Causality - Cause and Effect: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Character Structure: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- A character structure is a system of relatively permanent motivational and other traits that are manifested in the characteristic ways that an individual relates to others and reacts to various kinds of challenges. The word "structure" indicates that these several characteristics and/or learned patterns of behavior are linked in such a way as to produce a state that can be highly resistant to change. The idea has its roots in the work of Sigmund Freud and several of his followers, the most important of whom (in this respect) are Wilhelm Reich and Erich Fromm. Among other important participants in the establishment of this concept must surely be counted Erik Erikson.
- Among the earliest factors that determine an individual's eventual character structure are his or her genetic characteristics and early childhood nurture and education. A child who is well nurtured and taught in a relatively benign and consistent environment by loving adults who intend that the child should learn how to make objective appraisals regarding the environment will be likely to form a normal or productive character structure. On the other hand, a child whose nurture and/or education are not ideal, living in a treacherous environment and interacting with adults who do not take the long-term interests of the child to heart will be more likely to form a pattern of behavior that suits the child to avoid the challenges put forth by a malign social environment. The means that the child invents to make the best of a hostile environment. Although this may serve the child well while in that bad environment, it may also cause the child to react in inappropriate ways, ways damaging to his or her own interests, when interacting with people in a more ideal social context.
Choice: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Clearing: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Idioms: - clear the air - To dispel differences or emotional tensions.
Coaching: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- A coach is a person who supports and directs another person via encouragement and asking questions. It differs from a mentor in that a coach rarely offers advice. Instead, they help the client to find their own solutions, by asking questions that give them insight into their problem. The major benefit of a personal coach is that they hold their client accountable. So if the client has agreed to a plan of action, their obligation to the coach will help motivate them to complete their plan.
Coercion: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- The use of express or implied threats of violence or reprisal
(as discharge from employment) or other intimidating position.
- Behavior that puts a person in immediate fear of the consequences
in order to compel that person to act against his or her will;
Codependence: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Great Resource Link on Codependency, Inner Child - Relationships, Etc.....
Codependence vs Interdependence: ( external )
Cognition: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Commitment ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- The state of being bound emotionally or intellectually to a course of action or to another person
or persons: a deep commitment to liberal policies; a profound commitment to the family.
Communication - Interpersonal: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Interpersonal communication is the process of sending and receiving information or communication with another person. This process happens in an environment using different kinds of communication media.
This communication could be verbal or nonverbal.
Compassion: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Deep awareness of and sympathy for another's suffering
- The humane quality of understanding the suffering of others and wanting to do something about it
Concept: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- A concept is an abstract idea or a mental symbol, typically associated with a corresponding representation in language or symbology, that denotes all of the objects in a given category or class of entities, interactions, phenomena, or relationships between them. Concepts are abstract in that they omit the differences of the things in their extension, treating them as if they were identical. They are universal in that they apply equally to every thing in their extension. Concepts are also the basic elements of propositions, much the same way a word is the basic semantic element of a sentence. Unlike perceptions, which are particular images of individual objects, concepts cannot be visualized. Because they are not, themselves, individual perceptions, concepts are discursive and result from reason. They can only be thought and designated by a name. Concepts are bearers of meaning, as opposed to agents of meaning.
Conciliatory Gesture - Conciliation ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- To overcome the distrust or animosity of; appease.
- To regain or try to regain (friendship or goodwill) by pleasant behavior.
- To make or attempt to make compatible; reconcile.
Conditioning - Classical: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Conditioning - Operant: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Conflict ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- A state of open, often prolonged fighting; a battle or war.
- A state of disharmony between incompatible or antithetical persons, ideas, or interests; a clash.
- Psychology.
- A psychic struggle, often unconscious, resulting from the opposition or simultaneous
functioning of mutually exclusive impulses, desires, or tendencies.
- Opposition between characters or forces in a work of drama or fiction,
especially opposition that motivates or shapes the action of the plot.
Conflict Resolution: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Connection - Interpersonal - Rapport: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Conscience: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Conscious - Consciousness: ( wikipedia wiktionary )
- Having an awareness of one's environment and one's own existence,
sensations, and thoughts.
- Mentally perceptive or alert; awake, aware:
- Capable of thought, will, or perception:
- the development of conscious life on the planet.
- Subjectively known or felt: conscious remorse.
- Intentionally conceived or done; deliberate: a conscious insult;
made a conscious effort to speak more clearly.
- Inwardly attentive or sensible; mindful: was increasingly conscious of being watched.
- Especially aware of or preoccupied with. Often used in combination: a cost-conscious
approach to further development; a health-conscious diet.
Context: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- The context of an event, word, paradigm, change or other reality includes the circumstances and conditions which surround it; context in language use has two meanings: (a) the surrounding text
or talk of a word, sentence or turn — also called 'co-text', and (b) the dimensions of the communicative situation that are relevant for the production or comprehension of discourse.
Control: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- To exercise influence over, to suggest or dictate the behavior of.
- In psychology-related terminology, control is the attempt to impose excessive predictability
and direction on others or on events, often associated with insecurity or a lack of trust. Frequently,
a person labeled "a control freak" has a position of authority or superiority in a relationship;
however, the person's obsessiveness extends beyond the acceptable range of control.
- A control freak is a derogatory term for a person who has
an obsessive need to control other people or situations.
Feeling Controlled: - See Accountability, Identity Crisis, Need for Approval, Victim
- No one can control you without your permission
- Giving your personal power away to meet unspoken needs and expectations.
- “Drop your need for approval and no one will ever control you again” - Vernon Howard
Conversation: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Conviction: ( wiktionary )
- A conviction is a strongly held belief.
Coping: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- To deal effectively with something difficult, (often cope with)
- Coping.org - Amazing Resource !
- Tools on relationship, anger, communication, needing approval, grief
Covert - Secrecy: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Secrecy is the practice of hiding information from others. That which is kept hidden is known as the secret. Secrecy is often controversial. Many people claim that, at least in some situations, it is better for everyone if everyone knows all the facts - there should be no secrets.
Creativity: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Creativity (or creativeness) is a mental process involving the generation of new ideas or concepts, or new associations between existing ideas or concepts. From a scientific point of view, the products of creative thought (sometimes referred to as divergent thought) are usually considered to have both originality and appropriateness. An alternative, more everyday conception of creativity is that it is simply the act of making something new. Although intuitively a simple phenomenon, it is in fact quite complex.
- Unlike many phenomena in science, there is no single, authoritative perspective or definition of creativity. Unlike many phenomena in psychology, there is no standardized measurement technique.
- Creativity has been attributed variously to divine intervention, cognitive processes, the social environment, personality traits, and chance ("accident," "serendipity").
Critical Thinking: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Critical thinking consists of a mental process of analyzing or evaluating information, particularly statements or propositions that people have offered as true. It forms a process of reflecting upon the meaning of statements, examining the offered evidence and reasoning, and forming judgments about the facts.
Critical thinkers can gather such information from observation, experience, reasoning, and/or communication. Critical thinking has its basis in intellectual values that go beyond subject-matter divisions and which
include: clarity, accuracy, precision, evidence, thoroughness and fairness.
Culture: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- The word culture, from the Latin colo, -ere, with its root meaning "to cultivate", generally refers to patterns of human activity and the symbolic structures that give such activity significance. Different definitions of "culture" reflect different theoretical bases for understanding, or criteria for evaluating, human activity.
- Culture has been called "the way of life for an entire society." As such, it includes codes of manners, dress, language, religion, rituals, norms of behavior and systems of belief Various definitions of culture reflect differing theories for understanding — or criteria for evaluating — human activity.
Curiosity: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
D
Deception: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Decision: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Deliberate: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Done on purpose; intentional. Tripping me was deliberate action.
- Of a person, weighing facts and arguments with a view to a choice or decision; carefully
considering the probable consequences of a step; circumspect; slow in determining
- Formed with deliberation; well-advised; carefully considered; not sudden or rash.
- Not hasty or sudden; slow.
Delusion: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Denial: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Denial is a defense mechanism in which a person is faced with a fact that is painful to accept rejects it instead, insisting that it is not true despite what may be overwhelming evidence. The subject may deny the reality of the unpleasant fact altogether (simple denial), admit the fact but deny its seriousness
(minimisation) or admit both the fact and seriousness but deny responsibility (transference).
Desire: Motivation, thought that leads to an action ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Desire: Interpersonal Attraction ( wikipedia )
Detachment: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Discipline: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Double Standard: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- A double standard violates this principle by holding different people accountable according to different standards. While double standards are generally condemned in the abstract, they are also very common.
- There is a subtle distinction to be made between double standards and hypocrisy, which implies the stated or presumed acceptance of a single standard, but which in practice may be disregarded. If a man believes it is his right to have extra-marital affairs, but that his wife does not have such a right, he holds a double standard. A man who condemns all adultery while maintaining a mistress is a hypocrite.
Doubt: * ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- To lack confidence in; to disbelieve, question, or suspect.
- Doubt is uncertainty in the context of trust (where it takes the form of distrust), action, decision or belief. It implies challenging some notion of reality in effect, and may involve hesitating to take a relevant action
due to concern that one might be mistaken or at fault. The term ' to doubt ' can also mean
' to question one's circumstances and life experience '.
- In line with the idea that doubts are a subtle form or symptom of a greater fear or phobia from the ego, psychologists and psychoanalysts often attribute the phenomena to the earlier stages of life, when the ego is being developed, ie. childhood. There, these traditions maintain, is where doubt about one's abilities and even one's very identity are planted. The influence of parents and other influential figures often carries heavy connotations onto the resultant self-image of the child/ego, with doubts often being included in such
self-portrayals.
Duality: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Due Diligence: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Due diligence (also known as due care) is the effort made by an ordinarily prudent or reasonable party to avoid harm to another party or himself. Failure to make this effort is considered negligence. Quite often a contract will specify that a party is required to provide due diligence.
E
Efficacy: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Egocentric - Egotistic - Needing to be right: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- having an inflated idea of one's own importance; conceited
- concerned only with oneself; egocentric
- In psychology, egocentrism is the characteristic of regarding oneself and one's own opinions, interests
or ideas as most important. The term derives from the Greek egô, meaning "I." An egocentric person has no theory of mind, cannot "put himself in other people's shoes," and believes everyone sees what he sees
(or that what he sees in some way exceeds what others see.)
Egotism: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- A preoccupation with oneself - A belief that one is superior
- Egotism is a state of human action in which a person acts to gain values in an amount greater than
that of the values he/she gives to other persons. This is usually accomplished by exploiting the altruism,
the irrationality, or the ignorance of other persons — or by using coercive force and/or fraud.
Therefore, egotism differs from both altruism (acting to gain less values than are being given)
and egoism (acting to gain and give an equal amount of values).
Ego Defense Mechanisms: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Defense mechanisms are unconscious resources used by the ego to reduce conflict between
the id and superego and thereby anxiety. For that reason they are more accurately referred
to as ego-defense mechanisms.
Ego - Reprogramming Dysfunctional Ego Defenses: ( external )
Elitism: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Elitism is a belief or attitude that the people who are considered to be the elite — a selected group of persons whose personal abilities, wealth, specialized training or experience, or other attributes place them at the top of any field (especially politics and business, but see below) — are the people whose views on a matter are to be taken the most seriously, or that these are persons whose views should be regarded as carrying the most weight, or, more simply, these people are best fit to govern. Elitism may also be used to convey a less rational and more purely arrogant sense of entitlement to better treatment owing to wealth, social standing, etc.
Embodiment: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- In essence embodiment as an idea binds two worlds of substance and spirit (or culture, thought of as intentional objects and phenomena), contrary to a duality long posited by notables like Descartes. The core idea looks to find the biological substrate not as a vessel, but as the being itself. The mind and spirit are not a sublimation of the biology, but are a method of its workings. Thus body and mind are fused into a single being - the only distinction between matter and person being the way of observing the being.
Empathy: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Emotion: ( wikipedia - wiktionary ) - List of Emotions
Emotional Healing Series: ( external ) - www.joy2meu.com
Emotional Honesty and Responsibility: ( external )
Emotional Intelligence: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Emotional Intelligence, also called EI and often measured as an Emotional Intelligence Quotient or EQ, describes an ability, capacity, or skill to perceive, assess, and manage the emotions of one's self,
of others, and of groups. However, being a relatively new area, the definition of emotional intelligence
is still in a state of flux. The term "emotional intelligence" appears to have originated
with Wayne Payne (1985), but was popularized by Daniel Goleman (1995).
Goleman's five emotional competencies
Extending Gardner's multiple intelligence, Salovey proposed five catogories when defining emotional intelligence. And Goleman(1995) adopted Salovey's definition which divides emotional intelligence into the following five emotional competencies:
- The ability to identify and name one's emotional states and to
understand the link between emotions, thought and action.
- The capacity to manage one's emotional states — to control emotions
or to shift undesirable emotional states to more adequate ones.
- The ability to enter into emotional states (at will) associated with a drive to achieve and be successful.
- The capacity to read, be sensitive to, and influence other people's emotions.
- The ability to enter and sustain satisfactory interpersonal relationships. (Goleman, 1995)
Ethics: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- the philosophy of morality - the standards that govern the conduct of a person.
- Ethics (from the Ancient Greek "ethikos", meaning "arising from habit") is one of the major branches of philosophy, one that covers the analysis and employment of concepts such as right, wrong, good, evil, and responsibility. It is divided into three primary areas: meta-ethics (the study of what ethicality is), normative ethics (the study of what ethical truths there are and how they are known), and applied ethics (the study of the use of ethical knowledge).
Ethical Code: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- In the context of a code adopted by a profession or by a governmental or quasi-governmental organ to regulate that profession, an ethical code may be styled as a code of professional responsibility,
which may dispense with difficult issues of what behavior is "ethical".
Expectation: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Belief about (or mental picture of) the future
- Wishing with confidence of fulfillment
Experience: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
F
Faith: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Confident belief in the truth, values, or trustworthiness of a person, idea, or thing.
- Belief that does not rest on logical proof or material evidence.
- Belief in things yet unseen
Fear: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- An emotion of anxiety about something that causes a scared reaction or frightening impression.
- Fear also can be described as a feeling of extreme dislike towards certain conditions, objects, people, or situations such as: fear of darkness, fear of ghosts, etc. Personal fear varies extremely in degree from mild caution to extreme phobia and paranoia.
- Some philosophers have considered fear to be a useless emotion; other thinkers note the usefulness of fear as a warning of potentially unpleasant situations or consequences. Still others consider that fear is the fuel that feeds the ego's (as in "separating/judgmental agent") engine.
Feeling: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Fight or Flight: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- The fight-or-flight response, also called the acute stress response, was first described by Walter Cannon in 1929. His theory states that animals react to threats with a general discharge of the sympathetic nervous system, priming the animal for fighting or fleeing. This response was later recognized as the first stage of a general adaptation syndrome that regulates stress responses among vertebrates and other organisms.
- Although the emergency measure of the stress response is undoubtedly both vital and valuable,
it can also be disruptive and damaging. Most humans rarely encounter emergencies
that require physical effort, yet our biology still provides for them.
Forgiveness: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Forgiveness is the mental and/or spiritual process of ceasing to feel resentment or anger against another person for a perceived offence, difference or mistake, or ceasing to demand punishment or restitution. Forgiveness may be considered simply in terms of the feelings of the person who forgives, or in
terms of the relationship between the forgiver and the person forgiven.
Frame of Reference: ( wiktionary ) - See Perception, Interpretation
- a set of assumptions, ideas and standards that form a viewpoint from
which philosophical, religious and other ideas may be evaluated
Fraud: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- an act of deception
- In the broadest sense, a fraud is a deception made for personal gain, although it has a
more specific legal meaning, the exact details varying between jurisdictions.
Freedom - Philosophy: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Freedom is a many-faceted term encompassing the ability to act in all ways which add to that ability. It is oftentimes gauged by the degree of absence of external restraint — or control; the lack of submissiveness and servility as the anti-thesis of freedom. In the context of external control, it is also known as self-determination or autonomy — On the other hand, freedom is also called inner peace; the presence of inner control, an inner experience of choice, spontaneity, fulfillment, and even spirituality.
The protection of interpersonal freedoms can be the object of a social and political investigation, while the metaphysical foundation of inner freedom is a philosophical and psychological question.
Both forms of freedom come together in each individual as the internal and external values
mesh together in a dynamic compromise and power struggle; the society fighting for power in
defining the values of individuals and the individual fighting for societal acceptance and
respect in establishing one's own values in it.
Future - Time: ( wikipedia - wiktionary ) - See Perception, Past, Present
- In a linear conception of time, the future is the portion of the timeline that has yet to occur, i.e. the place in space-time where lie all events that still have not occurred. In this sense the future is opposed to the past (the set of moments and events that have already occurred) and the present (the set of events that are occurring now).
- The future has always had a very special place in philosophy and, in general, in the human mind.
This is true largely because human beings invariably want a forecast of events that will occur. It is perhaps possible to argue that the evolution of the human brain is in great part an evolution in cognitive abilities necessary to forecast the future, i.e. abstract imagination, logic and induction. Imagination
permits us to “see” a plausible model of a given situation without observing it (therefore mitigating risks).
Logical reasoning allows one to predict inevitable consequences of actions and situations and therefore gives useful information about future events. Induction permits the association of a cause with consequences,
a fundamental notion for every forecast of future time.
G
Generosity: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Liberality in giving or willingness to give: a scholarship funded by the generosity of anonymous donors.
- Nobility of thought or behavior; magnanimity.
- Amplitude; abundance.
- A generous act.
Goal Orientation - Theory: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Goals of learning are thought to be a key factor influencing the level of a student's intrinsic motivation.
Goal Setting - Objectives: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Goal Setting involves setting specific, measurable and time targeted objectives. In an organizational or business context, it may be an effective tool for making progress by ensuring that participants are clearly aware of what is expected from them, if an objective is to be achieved. On a personal level, Goal setting is a process that allows people to specify then work towards their own objectives - most commonly with
financial or career-based goals. Goal setting is a major component of Personal development literature.
- To be most effective goals should be tangible, specific, realistic and have a time targeted for completion. There must be realistic plans to achieve the intended goal. For example, setting a goal to go to Mars on a shoe string budget is not a realistic goal while setting a goal to go to Hawaii as a backpacker is a possible goal with possible, realistic plans.
Goodness and Evil: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- In religion, ethics, and philosophy, goodness and evil, or simply good and evil, refers to the concept of all human desires and behaviors as conforming to a dualistic spectrum —wherein in one direction are those aspects which are wisely reverent of life and continuity (" good"), and wherein the other direction are those aspects which are vainly reverent of death and destruction ("evil").
- Religious and philosophical views tend to agree that, while " good and evil" is a concept and therefore an abstraction, goodness is intrinsic to human nature and is ultimately based on the natural love, bonding, affection that people grow to feel for other people.
Gratitude: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- a feeling of thankfulness and appreciation;
Grievance: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- A resentment strong enough to justify retaliation; "holding a grudge"; "settling a score" [syn: grudge, score]
- A allegation that something imposes an illegal obligation or denies some legal right or causes injustice
- A complaint about a (real or imaginary) wrong that causes resentment and is grounds for action
Ground Rules: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Basic procedures of conduct
Guilt: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
H
Habit - Habituation: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- In psychology, habituation is an example of non-associative learning in which there is a progressive diminution of behavioral response probability with repetition of a stimulus. It is another form of
integration. An animal first responds to a sensory stimulus, but if it is neither rewarding nor
harmful the animal learns to suppress its response through repeated encounters.
- This 'learning' is a fundamental or basic process of biological systems and does not
require conscious motivation or awareness to occur. Indeed, without habituation we would
be unable to distinguish meaningful information from the background, unchanging information.
Hierarchy of Needs: ( wikipedia )
- Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs is a theory in psychology that Abraham Maslow proposed in his 1943 paper A Theory of Human Motivation, which he subsequently extended. His theory contends that as humans meet 'basic needs', they seek to satisfy successively 'higher needs' that occupy a set hierarchy. Maslow studied exemplary people such as Albert Einstein, Jane Addams, Eleanor Roosevelt, and Frederick Douglass rather than mentally ill or neurotic people, writing that "the study of crippled, stunted, immature, and unhealthy specimens can yield only a cripple psychology and a cripple philosophy." (Motivation and Personality, 1987)
Honesty: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- (of a person or institution) Scrupulous with regard to
telling the truth; not given to swindling, lying, or fraud
- Honesty is the human quality of communicating and acting truthful and with fairness, as best one is able. It is related to truth as a value. This includes listening, reasoning and any action in the human repertoire — as well as speaking. Superficially, honesty means simply, stating facts and views as best one truly believes them to be. It includes both honesty to others, and to oneself (see: self-deception) and about ones own motives and inner reality.
Hope: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Hope is an emotional belief in a positive outcome related to events and circumstances within one's personal life. Hope implies a certain amount of perseverance —ie. believing that a positive outcome is possible even when there is some evidence to the contrary. Beyond the basic definition, usage of the term hope follows some basic patterns which distinguish its usage from related terms:
- Hope is more emotional and less intellectual than optimism, which refers to a positive attitude based in rationality. But hope and optimism both can be based in unrealistic belief, or fantasy.
- Hope is subordinate to faith, in that while hope is emotional, faith carries a divinely-inspired and informed form of positive belief. Hope is typically contrasted with despair, but despair may also refer to a
crisis of faith, or otherwise an ignorance thereof. Hence, when used in religious context, hope carries a
connotation being aware of spiritual truth. (In some religions, despair itself is considered to be a sin.
Hypocrisy: ( wikipedia - wiktionary ) - See Integrity, Pretense, Pride,
- The expression of beliefs, feelings, or virtues that one does not actually possess.
- Hypocrisy is the act of pretending to have morals or virtues that one does not truly possess or practice.
The word derives from the late Latin hypocrisis and Greek hupokrisis both meaning play-acting or pretense.
- A classic example of a hypocritical act is to criticize others for carrying out some action while carrying out the same action oneself. Some people believe that most people, if not all, are hypocrites; they tend to criticize what they perceive to be bad behaviour in others, yet will justify it when they are inclined to perform the same action. This form of hypocrisy is closely related to the fundamental attribution error, a well-studied phenomenon of human psychology: individuals are more likely to explain their own actions by their environment, yet they attribute the actions of others to 'innate characteristics', thus leading
towards judging others while justifying ones' own actions.
Hypnosis: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
I
Idea: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Ideal - Ethics: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- being optimal or relating to the best option for something.
- being perfect, having no flaws or defects.
- being something that exists only in the mind; CONCEPTUAL, IDEATIONAL,
Idealism: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- The property of having high ideals that are usually unrealizable or at odds with practical life.
- (philosophy) An approach to philosophical enquiry which asserts that direct and immediate
knowledge can only be had of ideas or mental pictures.
- Idealism is an approach to philosophical enquiry which asserts that everything is of a mental nature.
An Idealist either asserts that only minds and the objects of mind exist, or that everything
is composed of mental realities (e.g., thoughts, feelings, ideas, or will).
Identity - Psychological: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Identity in psychological terms relates to self-image, self-esteem and individuation.
An important part of identity in psychology is gender identity, as this dictates to some
degree how a person views them self as a person in relation to other people.
Identity - Social Science: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Identity is an umbrella term used throughout the social sciences for an individual's comprehension
of him or herself as a discrete, separate entity. In cognitive psychology, for example, "identity"
refers to the capacity for self-reflection and the awareness of self (see self-awareness).
The psychological idea of identity in humans is related to self image, namely a person's view or mental model of him or herself, usually known as their personal identity (see identity crisis and the work of Erik Erikson.)
Identity - Crisis: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Erik Erikson, the psychologist who coined the term identity crisis, believes that the identity crisis is the most important conflict human beings encounter when they go through eight developmental stages in life. The identity is "a subjective sense as well as an observable quality of personal sameness and continuity, paired with some belief in the sameness and continuity of some shared world image. As a quality of unself-conscious living, this can be gloriously obvious in a young person who has found himself as he has found his communality. In him we see emerge a unique unification of what is irreversibly given that is, body type and temperament, giftedness and vulnerability, infantile models and acquired ideals with the open choices provided in available roles, occupational possibilities, values offered, mentors met, friendships made,
and first sexual encounters." (Erikson, 1970.)
- Eriksons Eight Stages of Psycho-social Development
Ignorance: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- The condition of being uneducated, unaware, or uninformed.
- Not knowing. - Intolerance.
- (pejorative definition) Ignorance 2) is the choice to not act or behave in accordance
with regard to certain information in order to suit ones own needs / beliefs.
"I know better but I choose to ignore that and do/say/act in a way that behooves me."
Illusion: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- An illusion is a distortion of a sensory perception. Each of the human senses can be deceived by illusions, but visual illusions are the most well known. Some illusions are subjective; different people may experience an illusion differently, or not at all.
- Anything that seems to be something that it is not.
- A belief in something that is in fact not true.
"Illusions are distorted perceptions that do not convey accurate information about the external world.
Our behaviors are based on the "assumption" that our perceptions are accurate.
Perceptions are Illusions when they are inaccurate "interpretations" of reality".
Dr. Dan Dana - Managing Differences
Imagination: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Imprinting - Psychology ( wikipedia )
- Imprinting is the term used in psychology and ethology to describe any kind of phase-sensitive learning (learning occurring at a particular age or a particular life stage) that is rapid and apparently independent of the consequences of behavior. It was first used to describe situations in which an animal or person learns the characteristics of some stimulus, which is therefore said to be "imprinted" onto the subject.
Inductive Reasoning: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Induction or inductive reasoning, sometimes called inductive logic, is the process of reasoning in which the premises of an argument are believed to support the conclusion but do not ensure it. It is used to ascribe properties or relations to types based on tokens (i.e., on one or a small number of observations or experiences); or to formulate laws based on limited observations of recurring phenomenal patterns.
Inhibition - Social: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Social inhibition is what keeps humans from involving in potentially objectionable actions and/or expressions in a social setting. The significance of this inhibiting behavior varies greatly from person to person, and may be closely linked to a person's confidence. Also, many recreational substances can significantly lower a person's inhibitions, notably alcohol. Alternatively, some substances may actually strengthen these inhibitions. This is more common in drugs with dysphoric effects.
Inner Child Healing: ( external )
- Grief, Setting Boundaries, Feeling feelings
Insecurity: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Insecurity is either danger, i.e., lack of objective security (in a physical situation or a computer system), or an emotion of general unease or nervousness without obvious cause or purpose (see also anxiety).
- A person who is insecure lacks confidence in their own value and capability. This is not to be confused with being humble, which involves recognizing one's failings but still maintaining a healthy dose of self-confidence. Insecurity is not an objective evaluation of one's ability but an emotional interpretation, as two people with the same capabilities may have entirely different levels of insecurity.
Integrity: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- When what you say you believe in and value matches your actions.
- Steadfast adherence to a strict moral or ethical code.
- The state of being wholesome; unimpaired
- The quality or condition of being complete; pure
Intelligence - Intellect: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Intelligence is a property of mind that encompasses many related mental abilities, such as the capacities to reason, plan, solve problems, think abstractly, comprehend ideas and language, and learn.
- Although many regard the concept of intelligence as having a much broader scope, for example in cognitive science and computer science, in some schools of psychology, the study of intelligence generally regards this trait as distinct from creativity, personality, character, or wisdom.
Interdependence: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Interdependence is a dynamic of being mutually responsible to and dependent on others. Some people advocate freedom or independence as a sort of ultimate good; others do the same with devotion to one's family, community, or society. Interdependence recognizes the truth in each position and weaves them together.
Intimacy - Emotional: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Intimacy - fear of - Relationship Phobia: ( external )
Intention ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- A course of action that one intends to follow.
- An aim that guides action; an objective.
- Synonyms: intention, intent, purpose, goal, end, aim, object, objective
These nouns refer to what one plans to do or achieve. Intention simply signifies a course of action that one proposes to follow: It is my intention to take a vacation next month. Intent more strongly implies deliberateness: The executor complied with the testator's intent. Purpose strengthens the idea of resolution or determination: “His purpose was to discover how long these guests intended to stay” (Joseph Conrad). Goal may suggest an idealistic or long-term purpose:
Interpret ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- The act or process of explaining the meaning of something.
- A psychotherapist's explanation of the meaning of a patient's remarks,
dreams, memories, experiences, and behavior.
Intimacy: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Intolerance: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- In its everyday form, intolerance is an attitude expressed through angry argumentation, looking down at people because of their characteristics or viewpoints, negatively portraying something due to one's own prejudice, opinions, interpretations etc.
- Not tolerant; close-minded about new or different ideas. indisposed to tolerate contrary opinions or beliefs; impatient of dissent or opposition; denying or refusing the right of private opinion or choice in others; inclined to persecute or suppress dissent.
Intrinsic and Extrinsic Properties: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Intrinsic Motivation: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Intrinsic motivation is evident when people engage in an activity for its own sake,
without some obvious external incentive present. A hobby is a typical example.
- It was previously thought that the two types of motivation (intrinsic and extrinsic) were additive, and could be combined to produce the highest level of motivation. Some authors differentiate between two forms of intrinsic motivation: one based on enjoyment, the other on obligation. In this context, obligation refers to motivation based on what an individual thinks ought to be done. For instance, a feeling of responsibility for a mission may lead to helping others beyond what is easily observable, rewarded, or fun.
Intrinsic and Extrinsic Properties - Philosophy: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- An intrinsic property is a property that an object or a thing has of itself, independently of other things, including its context. An extrinsic property is a property that depends on a thing's relationship with other things. For example, mass is a physical intrinsic property of any object, whereas weight is an extrinsic property that varies depending on the strength of the gravitational field in which the object is placed.
Intrinsic Value: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
J
Judgment: ( wikipedia - wiktionary ) - See Blame, Law of Attraction, Lack, Victim, Egocentric
- An opinion formed by judging something; "he was reluctant to make his judgment known";
"she changed her mind" [syn: judgement, mind]
- The act of judging or assessing a person or situation or event; "they criticized
my judgment of the contestants" [syn: judgement, assessment]
- The cognitive process of reaching a decision or drawing conclusions [syn: judgement, judging]
- The capacity to assess situations or circumstances shrewdly and to draw sound conclusions
[syn: judgement, sound judgment, sound judgement, perspicacity]
- Ability to make good judgments [syn: sagacity, sagaciousness, judgement, discernment]
- Judgment and Blame are a belief in Lack. A person or situation not being good enough.
From the Law of Attraction perspective, a belief in lack is resistance that nullifies
the asking to manifest abundance. The 6 symptoms of conflict are also forms of resistance.
Judgmental: ( wiktionary )
- Inclined to make judgments, especially moral or personal ones:
K
L
Lack: ( wiktionary ) See Resistance, Judgment, Law of Attraction
- Deficiency; want; need; destitution; failure.
- A shortage or absence of something:
- Judgment and Blame are a belief in Lack. A person or situation not being good enough.
From the Law of Attraction perspective, a belief in lack is resistance that nullifies
the good that is being asked for. The 6 symptoms of conflict are all forms of resistance.
Law of Attraction: ( wikipedia - wiktionary ) See Resistance, Lack, Blame, Judgment
- A philosophy that posits that a mental disposition will attract equivalent
external circumstances and events.
- Judgment and Blame are a belief in Lack. A person or situation not being good enough.
From the Law of Attraction perspective, a belief in lack is resistance that nullifies
the asking to manifest abundance. The 6 symptoms of conflict are also forms of resistance.
Learning *: ( wikipedia - wiktionary ) - BIG Resource
- Learning is the process of acquiring knowledge, skills, attitudes, or values, through study, experience, or teaching, that causes a change of behavior that is persistent, measurable, and specified or allows an individual to formulate a new mental construct or revise a prior mental construct (conceptual knowledge such as attitudes or values). It is a process that depends on experience and leads to long-term changes in behavior potential. Behavior potential describes the possible behavior of an individual (not actual behavior) in a given situation in order to achieve a goal. But potential is not enough; if individual learning is not periodically reinforced, it becomes shallower and shallower, and eventually will be lost in that individual.
- Education is the conscious attempt to promote learning in others. The primary function of "teaching" is to create a safe, viable, productive learning environment. Management of the total learning environment to promote, enhance and motivate learning is a paradigm shift from a focus on teaching to a focus on learning.
- The most basic learning process is imitation, one's personal repetition of an observed process, such as a smile. Thus an imitation will take one's time (attention to the details), space (a location for learning), skills
(or practice), and other resources (for example, a protected area). Through copying, most infants learn how to hunt (i.e., direct one's attention), feed and perform most basic tasks necessary for survival.
Life Skills: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Life Skills are the skills necessary for successful living. They can be thought of as falling into six main areas: self, family, job, community, leisure, and spirituality. Essential life skills include such things as being able to recognize and describe one's feelings, giving and receiving feedback, recognizing assumptions, setting realistic and attainable goals, and employing problem-solving strategies. A number of schools and colleges offer courses to train Life Skills coaches, whose services are employed by youth centers, correctional institutes, social service and self-help agencies, and other settings where people struggling with dysfunctional behaviors can often be found.
Lie: ( wikipedia - wiktionary ) - See Manipulation and Trust
- A lie is a knowingly untrue statement made to someone else. To lie is to say something
one believes to be false with the intention that it be taken for the truth by someone else.
- “People who Lie cannot be trusted” - Brad Blanton - Radical Honesty
Love: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
M
Manipulation: ( wikipedia - wiktionary ) - See Lying and Withholding
- In a psychological context, manipulation means to influence a person or a group of people in such a way that the manipulator tries to get what he or she wants or makes a person believe something in a calculating, indirect and somewhat dishonest way.
- For example, a manipulator will
- withhold or distort relevant information,
- use arguments that the manipulator does not believe in himself
- use of false reasoning as with fallacies
- provide false information (disinformation)
- "play" on the emotions (fear, hope, love...) of the person.
Meaning: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Meditation: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Memory: ( wikipedia - wiktionary ) See Past, Present, Future
- Memory is the ability of an organism to store, retain, and subsequently recall information. Although traditional studies of memory began in the realms of philosophy, the late nineteenth and early twentieth century put memory within the paradigms of cognitive psychology. In the recent decades, it has become one of the principal pillars of a new branch of science that represents a marriage between cognitive psychology and neuroscience, called cognitive neuroscience.
Mental: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Mentor: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- a trusted friend, counselor or teacher, usually a more experienced person. Some professions have "mentoring programs" in which newcomers are paired with more experienced people in order to obtain good examples and advice as they advance, and schools sometimes have mentoring programs for new students or students who are having difficulties.
Today mentors provide their expertise to less experienced individuals in order to help them
advance their careers, enhance their education, and build their networks.
Mentoring: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Memory: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Meta-Ethics: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- In philosophy, meta-ethics is the branch of ethics that seeks to understand the nature of ethical
properties (if there are any), and ethical statements, attitudes, and judgments. Meta-ethics
is one of the three branches of ethics generally recognized by philosophers, the others
being ethical theory and applied ethics. Ethical theory and applied ethics comprise normative ethics.
Meta-ethics has received considerable attention from academic philosophers in the last few decades.
- While normative ethics addresses such questions as "Which things are good and bad?" and "What should we do?", thus endorsing some ethical evaluations and rejecting others, meta-ethics addresses the question "What is goodness?", seeking to understand the nature of ethical properties and evaluations.
Metaphysics: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- A branch of Philosophy
Mind: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Mind - Theory of: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Miracles - Different views of: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- According to many religions, a miracle, derived from the old Latin word miraculum meaning 'something wonderful', is a striking interposition of divine intervention by God in the universe by which the ordinary course and operation of Nature is overruled, suspended, or modified. People in different faiths have substantially different definitions of the word miracle. Even within a specific religion there is often more than one usage of the term.
Mood: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- A person's mood is an observable affective state, which can consist of a combination of emotions.
In normal functioning, moods are influenced by external events, which is adaptive.
A mood disorder (such as clinical depression) is described as maladaptive.
- An optimist and a pessimist evaluate the same situation favorably or unfavorably, respectively. Such assessments apply also to expectations. The optimist looks at the world "through rose-colored
[or lemon-colored] glasses"), i.e. with expectations of a favorable outcome, whereas a pessimist
will tend to concentrate on the possibility of outcomes being unfavorable or unpleasant.
Morality - Morals: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- The ability to distinguish good and evil or right and wrong, right or good conduct.
- Ethics, motivation based on ideas of right and wrong.
- Morality refers to the concept of human ethics which pertains to matters of good and evil —also referred to as "right or wrong", used within three contexts: individual conscience, systems of principles and judgments - sometimes called moral values —shared within a cultural, religious, secular, Humanist, or philosophical community; and codes of behavior or conduct derived from these systems.
- Personal morality defines and distinguishes among right and wrong intentions, motivations or actions, as these have been learned, engendered, or otherwise developed within each individual.
Moral Example: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Moral example is trust in the moral core of another, a role model, without the obvious mediation of any theory or language. It was cited by Confucius, Muhammad, Mohandas Gandhi and other important philosophers and theologians as the prime duty of a ruler - including the head of a family or the owner
of a business.
This is considered far more important in some philosophies than satisfying any ethical code that originates elsewhere - although not more important than the moral code revealed by divinity or implied by compiling the lives of past moral examples, e.g. prophets, saints, righteous emperors.
Moral Skepticism: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- In meta-ethics, moral skepticism is the view that there are no objective truths in morality. It can take three forms: there are no objective truths because morality does not exist (ethical nihilism), moral truths exist only when they apply to a particular culture (ethical relativism) or moral truths are correct so long as you hold those beliefs (ethical subjectivism).
Moral Values: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Motivation: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Motivation - Intrinsic & Extrinsic: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Motivation is powered by “Meaning”
(Hal’s Entry - “Main Category Link” - Coming Soon
Motives - Base: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Base motives are the underlying reasons why people do what they do. Often interpreted as relational to Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory and unconscious or subconscious motive theories, base motives explain actions and their underlying thoughts and memories, both repressed and conscious.
The base motive definition has since evolved into understanding or deducing calculated, willful, deliberate hidden or covert personal agenda. Base motives are seen as a conscious and cognizant approach at intentionally hiding ones' ambitions.
Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs has also been seen as an attributing factor to the understanding of personal base motives. This theory helps explain what humans need and in what order they seek these needs. Some believe knowing this hierarchy can help explain any action a human may take. Still, some consider base motives to sway between Sigmund Freud's unconscious model and Abraham Maslow's much more conscious model. Base motives are accepted scientifically as fact.
N
Needs: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Of necessity; necessarily; indispensably; often with must, and equivalent to "of need".
- The concept of Needs is often used to refer to things that people "must" have.
They are often contrasted with wants, which are more discretionary.
Mystic - Mysticism: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Mysticism from the Greek (mystikos) "an initiate" (of the Eleusinian Mysteries, (mysteria) meaning "initiation) is the pursuit of achieving communion or identity with, or conscious awareness of, ultimate reality, the divine, spiritual truth, or God through direct experience, intuition, or insight; and the belief
that such experience is an important source of knowledge, understanding, and wisdom. Traditions may include a belief in the literal existence of realities beyond empirical perception, or a belief that a true human perception of the world transcends logical reasoning or intellectual comprehension.
A person delving in these areas may be called a Mystic.
Mystic Beliefs:
- Mystics generally hold that there is a deeper, more fundamental state of existence hidden beneath the appearances of day to day living (which may become, to the mystic, superficial or epiphenomenal). For the mystic, the intangible is the focus, and may be perceived in any of various ways — as God, ultimate reality, a universal presence, a force or principle, psychological emancipation — and be experienced or realized directly. Such experiences are spoken of, variously, as ecstatic revelation, theosis, direct experience of the divine or of universal principles, nirvana, enlightenment, satori, samadhi, etc. They are sometimes characterized by a fading or loss of self, or a perceived interconnection with all existence, and are often accompanied by feelings of peace, joy or bliss, as well as severe cultural alienation. In other traditions such as Bhakti the experience is given as one of a deep loving interaction with God.
Mysticism is usually understood in a religious context, but as William James (1902) points out,
mystical experiences may happen to anyone, regardless of religious training or inclinations.
Namaste: ( wikipedia )
- In a religious context this word can be taken to mean any of these:
- The Spirit in me meets the same Spirit in you.
- I greet that place where you and I are one.
- I salute the Light of God in you.
- I bow to the divine in you.
- I recognize that within each of us is a place where Divinity dwells,
and when we are in that place, we are One.
- My higher energy salutes your higher energy.
- In other words, it recognizes the equality of all, and pays honor to the sacredness and interconnection of all, as well as to the source of that interconnection. Namaskar is the term for such greetings, and is also used as a greeting itself.
Neurosis: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- (pathology) A mental disorder, less severe than psychosis, marked by anxiety or fear
- Frequently, the coping mechanisms enlisted to help "ward off" the anxiety only exacerbate the situation, causing more distress. It has even been defined in terms of this coping strategy, as a "symbolic behavior in defense against excessive psycho-biologic pain [which] is self-perpetuating because symbolic satisfactions cannot fulfill real needs." According to psychoanalytic theory, neuroses may be rooted in ego defense mechanisms, but the two concepts are not synonymous. Defense mechanisms are a normal way of developing and maintaining a consistent sense of self (i.e., an ego), while only those thought
and behavior patterns that produce difficulties in living should be termed neuroses.
New Thought: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- The central teaching of New Thought is that thought evolves and unfolds, and thinking creates one's experience of the world. The movement places great emphasis in positive thinking, affirmations, meditation, and prayer.
- New Thought religions generally share a core belief universal presence of a creative energy, or God, within the world and within all people. Some take literally the Christian teaching that "the kingdom of heaven is within."
- New Thought is distinctive from traditional religious movements in that it is expected to evolve and not remain static. Adherents believe that as humankind gains greater understanding of the world, New Thought churches will evolve to assimilate new knowledge.
New Thought Movement: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Nurture: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
O
Objectivity: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Obligation: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Opinion: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- An opinion is a person's ideas and thoughts towards something. It is an assessment, judgment or evaluation of something. An opinion is not a fact, because opinions are either not falsifiable, or the opinion has not been proven or verified.
- A belief or conclusion held with confidence but not substantiated by
positive knowledge or proof:
P
Paradigm : ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Probably the most common use of the word paradigm is in the sense of Weltanschauung. For example, in social science, the term is used to describe the set of experiences, beliefs and values that affect the way an individual perceives reality and responds to that perception. Social scientists have adopted the Kuhnian phrase "paradigm shift" to denote a change in how a given society goes about organizing and understanding reality. A “Dominant Paradigm” refers to the values, or system of thought, in a society that are most standard and widely held at a given time. Dominant paradigms are shaped both by the community’s cultural background and by the context of the historical moment. The following are conditions that facilitate a system of thought to become an accepted dominant paradigm:
Past - Time: ( wikipedia - wiktionary ) See Perception, Illusion, Present, Future
- The past is the portion of the timeline that has already occurred; it is the opposite of the future. It is also contrasted with the present. It is also regarded as the conglomerate of events that happened in a certain point in time, within the Space-time continuum. The aforementioned conception is closely related to Albert Einstein's relativity theory.
- In a strict sense, the past doesn't exist (at least physically), but humans have recorded the past since ancient times, and to some extent, one of the defining characteristics of human beings is that they are able to record the past, recall it, remember it and confront it with the current state of affairs, thus enabling them to plan accordingly for the future, and to theories about it as well.
Peace: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Peace of Mind - Inner Peace: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- The absence of mental stress or anxiety
Peer Pressure ( wikipedia - wiktionary
- Peer pressure comprises a set of group dynamics whereby a group of people in which one feels comfortable may override the personal habits, individual moral inhibitions or idiosyncratic desires to impose a group norm of attitudes or behaviors. It requires members to conform to the overall value of the group. These reference groups are sometimes referred to as membership groups, when the individual is "formally" a member (of, for example, a political party or trade union). Individuals may also have aspiration groups (social cliques, say, such as yuppies) to which they would like to belong. They may also recognize dissociative groups with which they would not wish to associate (thus drinkers may go to great lengths to avoid being associated with lager louts). This peer pressure can sometimes be used to great effect by marketers. If they can sway the few opinion leaders in the reference group they will capture the whole group.)
Perception: ( wikipedia - wiktionary ) - See Interpretation, Frame of Reference
- The world of perception is the world of time, of change, of beginnings and endings.
It is based on interpretation, not on facts. The world we see merely reflects our own internal frame of reference, the dominant ideas, wishes and emotions in our minds. We look inside first, decide the kind of world we want to see and then project that world outside, making it the truth as we see it. We make it true by our interpretations of what it is we are seeing. “Projection makes perception” - A Course in Miracles
- In psychology and the cognitive sciences, perception is the process of acquiring, interpreting, selecting, and organizing sensory information. Methods of studying perception range from essentially biological or physiological approaches, through psychological approaches to the often abstract 'thought-experiments' of mental philosophy.
"Illusions are distorted perceptions that do not convey accurate information about the external world.
Our behaviors are based on the "assumption" that our perceptions are accurate.
Perceptions are Illusions when they are inaccurate "interpretations" of reality".
Dr. Dan Dana - Managing Differences
- the act or faculty of apprehending by means of the senses or of the mind; cognition; understanding.
- immediate or intuitive recognition or appreciation, as of moral, psychological, or
aesthetic qualities; insight; intuition; discernment: an artist of rare perception.
- the result or product of perceiving, as distinguished from the act of perceiving; percept.
- Psychology. a single unified awareness derived from sensory processes while a stimulus is present.
Personal Development : ( wikipedia ) - BIG Resource
- Personal development (also known as self-development, self-improvement
or personal growth) comprises the development of the self.
What is Personal Development? - The term may also refer to
- Spiritual beliefs and concepts - including "inner pathways" to solve social and psychological issues,
- Traditional concepts of education or training,
- Counselling and Coaching for personal transformation,
- Professional development business trainers (some treat the whole person instead of business only),
- the story-line of a particular character in a film, book or television series,
detailing how they develop as a character.
- To understand this further: a person can have different personalities or 'social faces' in different contexts (at home / at office / at parties etc) but these share common threads of who he/she is and this can be called the "personal self". When someone is referring to personal development then he/she is meaning a full and total transformation from deep within and not just a temporary personality change for a specific occasion or context.
Personality Psychology : ( wikipedia ) - BIG Resource
- Personality psychology is a branch of psychology which studies personality and individual different processes - that which makes us into a person. One emphasis is on trying to create a coherent picture of a person and all his or her major psychological processes. Another emphasis views it as the study of individual differences. These two views work together in practice. Personality psychologists are interested in broad view of the individual. This often leads to an interest in the most salient individual differences among people.
Perspective - Cognitive : ( wikipedia )
- To choose a perspective is to choose a value system and, unavoidably, an associated belief system. When we look at a business perspective, we are looking at a monetary base values system and beliefs. When we look at a human perspective, it is a more social value system and its associated beliefs.
- Perspective in theory of cognition is the choice of a context or a reference (or the result of this choice) from which to sense, categorize, measure or codify experience, cohesively forming a coherent belief, typically for comparing with another. One may further recognize a number of subtly distinctive meanings, close to those of paradigm, point of view and reality tunnel.
Personality Psychology: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- In psychology, personality is a collection of emotional, thought and behavioral patterns unique to a person that is consistent over time. The word originates from the Latin persona, which means "mask”. Significantly, in the theatre of the ancient Latin-speaking world, the mask was not used as a plot device to disguise the identity of a character, but rather was a convention employed to represent, or typify that character.
- Personality psychology is a branch of psychology which studies personality and individual different processes - that which makes us into a person. One emphasis is on trying to create a coherent picture
of a person and all his or her major psychological processes. Another emphasis views it as the study of individual differences. These two views work together in practice. Personality psychologists are interested in broad view of the individual. This often leads to an interest in the most salient individual differences among people.
Personality Testing: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- A personality test aims to describe aspects of a person's character that remain stable throughout a person's lifetime. A model of personality were first posited by Greek philosopher/physician Hippocrates. The 20th century heralded a new interest in defining and identifying separate personality types, in close correlation with the emergence of the field of psychology. As such, several distinct tests emerged; some attempt to identify specific characteristics, while others attempt to identify personality as a whole.
Philosophy: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Philosophy - Intrinsic and Extrinsic properties: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Philosophy of Mind: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Philosophy of mind is the philosophical study of the nature of the mind, mental events, mental functions, mental properties, and consciousness, and of the nature of their relationship with the physical body: the so-called mind–body problem.
Placebo Effect: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- The placebo effect (Latin placebo, "I shall please"), first mentioned in 1955 by Henry K. Beecher, M.D. (Beecher 1955) and also known as non-specific effects and the subject-expectancy effect, is the phenomenon that a patient's symptoms can be alleviated by an otherwise ineffective treatment, since the individual expects or believes that it will work. Some people consider this to be a remarkable aspect of human physiology; others consider it to be an illusion arising from the way medical experiments were conducted. The phenomenon, if it exists at all, is not fully understood by science.(New Scientist Space 19 March 2005)
- In the opposite effect, a patient who disbelieves in a treatment may experience a worsening of symptoms. This nocebo effect (Latin nocebo, "I shall harm") can be measured in the same way as the placebo effect, e.g., when members of a control group receiving an inert substance report a worsening of symptoms. The recipients of the inert substance may nullify the placebo effect intended by simply having a negative attitude towards the effectiveness of the substance prescribed, which often leads to a nocebo effect, which is not caused by the substance itself, but more the patient's mentality towards her or his ability to get well.
Point of View - Cognitive: ( wikipedia - wiktionary ) See Motivation, Perspective
- This is not the narrative point of view it is whose view are you looking at it from. If you are talking from your point of view, you would talk about what you want, need or feel like. To get a person to do something, it is much better to talk from the other persons point of view. That includes talking about what's in it for the other person. Talking about it in terms of what's good for the other person and what they will get in return, while afterwards talking about what you want the person to do.
- In social psychology you would talk in terms of the other persons point of view when soliciting or motivating the other person to do something for you. Being able to see the other persons point of view is one of Henry Fords advice towards being successful in business. "if there is any one secret of succes, it lies in the ability to get the other person's point of view and see things from that person's angle as well as from your own".
- In conflict resolution a technique of using "I", "me", "my" language encourages the person to talk from their own point of view. This helps to get the antagonist to better understand the speakers feelings, needs, experiences circumventing the need for discussion. Talking about your own point of view brings it up on the other person to be more understanding and cooperative. Since it takes effort to see the situation from another persons peoint of view, the opponent is disarmed unless they are willing to put in the extra effort or are sincerely interested in being helpfull. This is the opposite of solicitation because in soliciting the speaker is the one offering their services.
Possibility: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Possibility comprises that which one can achieve, or alternatively one's potential.
Potential - Human: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Practice: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Prayer: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Present - Time: ( wikipedia - wiktionary ) See Perception, Past, Future
- The present is the time that is perceived directly, not as a recollection or a speculation. It is often considered as a point in space-time, often called now, but it may also be viewed as a duration
(see specious present).
Pretense - Deception: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Pride: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Principles - Moral Obligation: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Prejudice: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Prejudice is, as the name implies, the process of "pre-judging" something. It implies coming to a judgment
on a subject before learning where the preponderance of evidence actually lies, or forming a judgment without direct experience. Holding a politically unpopular view is not in itself prejudice, and politically popular views are not necessarily free of prejudice. When applied to social groups, prejudice generally refers to existing biases toward the members of such groups, often based on social stereotypes; and at its most extreme, results in groups being denied benefits and rights unjustly or, conversely, unfairly showing unwarranted favor towards others.
- This is different from viewpoints accumulated though direct life experience, which are neither prejudiced, conditioned or necessarily instinctive: they are not pre-judgments but post-judgments. Some argue that all politically-based views stem from a lack of sufficient life experience; this, however, provokes the question of how much life experience is required before a point of view is no longer regarded as prejudiced. If no amount of experience entitles a person to a viewpoint - if every is biased - then there can be no objectivity. Judgements based on experience may, however, be coloured by prejudice. One might imagine a continuum from "prejudiced" to "based on experience," with many, if not most, views coming somewhere between the two extremes.
Presence - Being in the Moment - Listening - Attention: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Presume: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- To assume something is true in the absence of contrary proof.
- To dare to do something without permission.
Presumption: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Principles - Moral Obligation: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- (generally plural) Moral rule or aspect.
- A principle signifies a point (or points) of probability on a subject (i.e. the principle of creativity), which allows for the formation of rule or norm or law by (human) interpretation of the phenomena (events) that can be crated. The rules, norms and laws depend on and co-create a particular context to formulate.
A principle is the underlying part (or spirit) of the basis for an evolutionary normative or formative development, which is the object of subjective experience and/or interpretation. For example, the ethics of someone
may be seen as a set of principles that the individual obeys in the form of rules, as guidance or law.
These principles thus form the basis for such ethics.
Problem Solving: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Problem solving forms part of thinking. Considered the most complex of all intellectual functions, problem solving has been defined as higher-order cognitive process that requires the modulation and control of more routine or fundamental skills (McCarthy & Worthington, 1990). It occurs if an organism or an artificial intelligence system does not know how to proceed from a given state to a desired goal state. It is part of the larger problem process that includes problem finding and problem shaping.
Projection - Psychological: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Psychology.
- The attribution of one's own attitudes, feelings, or suppositions to others:
- The attribution of one's own attitudes, feelings, or desires to someone or
something as a naive or unconscious defense against anxiety or guilt
- Common Definitions:
- "Projection is the opposite defence mechanism to identification. We project our
own unpleasant feelings onto someone else and blame them for having thoughts that we really have."
- "A defense mechanism in which the individual attributes to other people impulses and
traits that he himself has but cannot accept. It is especially likely to occur when the
person lacks insight into his own impulses and traits."
- "Attributing one's own undesirable traits to other people or agencies,
e.g. a woman who has promiscuous impulses attributes those impulses to others.
Promise: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Both an oath and an affirmation can be a promise. One special kind of promise is the vow.
- In Contract Law a promise is a manifestation of intention to act or refrain from acting in a specified way.
It is so made as to justify a promisee in understanding that a commitment has been made.
Proposition: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Psychology: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Psychology - Social: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Social psychology is the study of how individuals perceive, influence, and relate to others. According to Gordon Allport's classic definition, social psychology is an attempt to understand and explain how the thought, feeling, and behavior of individuals is influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others. By imagined or implied presence, Allport is suggesting that the effects of social influence
are felt even when there are no other people about.
Psychological Testing: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Psychological testing or Psychological assessment is a field characterized by the use of small samples of behavior in order to infer generalizations about a given individual. The technical term for the science behind psychological testing is psychometrics. By samples of behavior, one means observations over time of an individual performing tasks that have usually been prescribed beforehand. These responses are often compiled into statistical tables that allow the evaluator to compare the behavior of the individual being tested to the responses of a norm group. When multiple tests are administered, the procedure is referred to as full battery assessment.
A useful psychological measure must be both valid (actually measures what it claims to measure)
and reliable (is internally consistent or give consistent results over time).
Psychotherapy: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Psychotherapy begins with the cultivation of a relationship between therapist and client and this precedes the implementation of techniques. In this regard, psychotherapy can be seen as a relationship that involves a set of techniques intended to improve mental health, emotional or behavioral issues of individuals, group, or family interaction climates. Mental health problems can include psychological, social and somatic dimensions, which often make it hard for people to manage their lives and achieve their goals. Psychotherapy is aimed at these problems, and attempts to help people to solve them via a number of different approaches and techniques.
Purpose: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- The object toward which one strives or for which something exists; an aim or a goal:
“And ever those, who would enjoyment gain/Must find it in the purpose they pursue” (Sarah Josepha Hale).
A result or effect that is intended or desired; an intention. See Synonyms at intention.
- Determination; resolution: He was a man of purpose.
- The matter at hand; the point at issue.
Q
Questioning: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- A question is a linguistic expression used to elict information in the form of an answer.
Questioning is a major form of human thought and interpersonal communication, and plays a key role in discovery (observation) (what's over there?), invention (how could I make this work better?)
and interpersonal coordination (can you help me fix my car this afternoon?).
R
Reality: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Reason: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Reasoning: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Relationship - Interpersonal: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Relationship - Tools for: ( external )
- Tools and Resources for:
- Barriers, Problem Solving, Power-Control. Victim-Martyr, Intimacy, Goal Setting,
- Conflict, Rejection, Needing Approval, Forgiveness, Healing.
Relating - Interpersonal Conversation ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- To establish or demonstrate a connection between.
- To have or establish a reciprocal relationship; interact:
Resist - Resistance: ( wikipedia - wiktionary ) - See Law of Attraction, Blame, Judgment, Lack
- to oppose
- to attempt to counter the actions or effects of someone or something
- Judgment and Blame are a belief in Lack. (A person or situation not being good enough.)
From the Law of Attraction perspective, a belief in lack is resistance that nullifies
the asking to manifest abundance. The 6 symptoms of conflict are also forms of resistance.
Respect: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- admiration for a person or entity because of perceived merit
- regard for the rights of others; tolerance
- Respect is an attitude of acknowledging the feelings and interests of another party in a
relationship, and of treating as consequential for the self the helping or harming of the other.
Responsibility - Moral ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- The social force that binds you to your obligations and the courses of action demanded by that force;
"we must instill a sense of duty in our children"; "every right implies a responsibility; every opportunity,
an obligation; every possession, a duty"- John D. Rockefeller Jr. [syn: duty, obligation]
- The proper sphere or extent of your activities; "it was his province to take care of himself" [syn: province]
- A form of trustworthiness; the trait of being answerable to someone for something or being responsible for one's conduct; "he holds a position of great responsibility" [syn: responsibleness] [ant: irresponsibility]
Retaliation - Retribution ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- of or relating to or having the nature of retribution; "retributive justice demands an eye for an eye"
Revenge - Vengeance: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Roles: ( wikipedia - wiktionary ) - See Behavior, Obligation, Expectation
- A role (sometimes spelled rôle) or a social role is a set of connected behaviours, rights
and obligations as conceptualised by actors in a social situation. It is mostly defined as an
expected behaviour in a given individual social status and social position.
- The term is used in two rather different but related senses. It is vital to both functionalist
and interactionist understandings of society, but is of only peripheral relevance to conflict theory.
- Role confusion is a situation where an individual has trouble determining which role he/she should play.
Role Model: ( wikipedia - wiktionary ) See Values, Ethics, Moral Example
- Role model refers to a person who fills his or her role as a good or bad example for others. A good example is a positive role model. A bad example is a negative role model. The term role model on its own is usually taken to mean a positive role model.
A positive role model carries out a role demonstrating values, ways of thinking and acting, which are considered good in that role. Others hopefully will follow the example. A woman professor can be seen as a role model for other women, on the strength of her furthering of the profile of women in academia. Alternatively, she could be seen as a role model for aspiring academics, regardless of their gender, on the strength of her academic achievements and/or dedication to her chosen discipline.
S
Sadness - Depression: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Depression, or a depressed mood, may in everyday English refer to a state of melancholia, unhappiness or sadness, or to a relatively minor downturn in mood that may last only a few hours or days.- A depressed mood is generally situational and reactive, and associated with grief, loss, or a major social transition. A change of residence, marriage, divorce, the break-up of a significant relationship, graduation, or job loss are all examples of instances that might trigger a depressed mood.
Self - (Psychology) ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Constructs: Esteem, Awareness, etc
Self Actualization: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Self actualization, a term said to have been originated by Kurt Goldstein, is the concept that humans, who have a dominant or auxiliary extraverted intuition function, have an instinctual need to make the most of their unique abilities. The term was made popular by Abraham Maslow via his hierarchy of needs model, in which he placed self-actualization at the highest level of human development, attainable only after the more basic needs of physiological requirements, safety/security, love/belongingness, and self-esteem have been fulfilled. It is important to note that there is no research to empirically support the existence of this instinctual need in humans, though the anecdotal evidence of the fairly common occurrence of mid-life crisis - a stage in life frequently encountered by both men and women - suggests that Mr. Goldstein may well be correct.
Self Awareness: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Self Control: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Self Deception: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Self-deception is a process of denying or rationalizing away the relevance,
significance, or importance of opposing evidence and logical argument.
- It has been argued that humans are without exception highly susceptible to self-deception,
as everyone has emotional attachments to beliefs, which in some cases may be irrational.
Self Efficacy: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Self-efficacy is the belief that one has the capabilities to execute the courses of actions required to manage prospective situations. Unlike efficacy, which is the power to produce an effect (in essence, competence), self-efficacy is the belief (whether or not accurate) that one has the power to produce that effect.
- It is important here to understand the distinction between self esteem and self efficacy.
Self esteem relates to a person’s sense of self-worth, whereas self efficacy relates to
a person’s perception of their ability to reach a goal.
Self Esteem - Self Respect: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Self Fulfilling Prophecy - Psychology : ( wikipedia )
- Robert K. Merton's concept of the self-fulfilling prophecy stems from the Thomas theorem,
which states that: “If men define situations as real, they are real in their consequences.”
- In other words, people do not react only to the situations they are in, but also, and often primarily, to the way they perceive the situations and to the meaning they assign to these situations.
Therefore, their behavior is determined in part by their perception and the meaning they ascribe
to the situations they are in, rather than by the situations themselves.
Once a person convinces themselves that a situation really has a certain meaning,
regardless of whether it actually does, they will take very real actions in consequence.
Self Hypnosis - Autosuggestion ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- See Autosuggestion
Self Image - Self Worth: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- “Never let external events be a measure of your self-worth” - Vernon Howard
Shame - Self Shame - Shame Vs Guilt: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Uncomfortable or painful feeling due to recognition or consciousness of having done something improper, dishonorable or otherwise wrong in the opinion of the person experiencing the feeling. It is caused by awareness of exposure of circumstances of unworthiness or of improper or indecent conduct.
- Shame is a psychological condition and a form of religious, political, judicial, and social control consisting of ideas, emotional states, physiological states and a set of behaviors, induced by the consciousness or awareness of dishonor, disgrace, or condemnation.
Should - (Is - Ought Problem): ( wikipedia ) - See Blame, Egocentric, Guilt
- In meta-ethics, the is-ought problem was raised by David Hume (Scottish philosopher and historian, 1711–1776), who noted that many writers make claims about what ought to be on the basis of statements about what is. But there seems to be a big difference between descriptive statements (about what is) and prescriptive statements (about what ought to be).
- The apparent gap between “is” statements and “ought” statements, when combined with Hume's fork—the idea that all items of knowledge either are based on logic and definitions or are based on observation—renders “ought” statements of dubious validity. Since “ought” statements do not seem to be known in either of the two ways mentioned, it would seem that there can be no moral knowledge. Two responses to this are moral skepticism and non-cognitivism.
- The answer of those who believe in actual moral knowledge depends upon a few presuppositions.
One has to do with the definition of reality that descriptive truths are said to correspond to.
Another has to do with the existence of indefinables.
By reality, an effective moral cognitivist response assumes it means those things actually existing independent of the mind, rather than those representations of such things in the mind that we call knowledge, or of wishes entertained that things might be otherwise. In that more actual sense of the meaning of reality, an effective moral cognitivist response can agree that the truth of “is” statements are ultimately based on their correspondence to reality (both in the realm of actuality and the ideal) while “ought” statements are not. - More in Link.....
Sincerity: ( wikipedia - wiktionary ) - Also see Honesty, Curiosity
- The quality or state of being sincere; honesty of mind or intention;
freedom from simulation, hypocrisy, disguise, or false pretense; sincereness.
- In the modern world, sincerity is the elusive virtue of speaking truly about one's feelings, thoughts, desires. Sincere expression carries risks to the speaker, since the ordinary screens used in everyday life are opened to the outside world. At the same time, we expect our friends, our lovers, our leaders "to be sincere."
Social Contracts: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Socialization: ( wikipedia - wiktionary
- Socialization is the process by which human beings or animals learn to adopt the behavior patterns of the community in which they live. For both humans and animals, this is typically thought to occur during the early stages of life, during which individuals develop the skills and knowledge necessary to function within their culture and environment. However, this also includes adult individuals moving into an environment significantly different from one(s) in which they have previously lived and must thus learn a new set of behaviors.)
Spirituality: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Stereotype: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Stereotypes are ideas held by some individuals about members of particular groups, based solely on membership in that group. They are often used in a negative or prejudicial sense and are frequently used
to justify certain discriminatory behaviors.
Suggestion: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Suggestion is the name given to the psychological process by which one person may guide the thoughts, feelings or behaviour of another. For nineteenth century writers on psychology such as William James the words suggest and suggestion were used in senses very close to those which they have in common speech; one idea was said to suggest another when it recalled that other to mind or (in the modern phrase) reproduced it. Early scientific studies of hypnosis by psychologists such as Clark Leonard Hull led to the reclaimation of these words by psychologists in a special and technical sense. The hypnotists of the Nancy school rediscovered and gave general currency to the doctrine that the most essential feature of the hypnotic state is the unquestioning obedience and docility with which the hypnotized subject accepts, believes, and acts in accordance with every command or proposition of the hypnotizer. Commands or propositions made to the subject (they - may be merely implied by a gesture, a glance, or a chance remark to a third person - now regarded as "non-verbal suggestion") and accepted with this peculiarly uncritical and intense belief were called suggestions ; and the subject that accepted them in this fashion was said to be suggestible. As long ago as the beginning of the nineteenth century suggestion and hysteria were linked by Pierre Janet. There has been a recent resurgence of interest in ideas such as these.
Surrender - Spirituality - Psychology: ( wikipedia - wiktionary ) - See Vulnerability
- Surrender in spirituality and religion means that a believer completely gives up his own will and subjects his thoughts, ideas, and deeds to the will and teachings of a divine power or deity. The concept plays a role in several religions, such as Christianity, Islam (a word which literally means "submission"), Sikhism, and Hinduism, as well as some mystic and esoteric traditions. The term is also used in a similar manner, in some schools and approaches to psychology, in which sense it is an antonym of hostility, signifying something akin to acceptance of ones own nature and that of the world.
- To yield to the power, control, or possession of another upon compulsion or demand.
To give up completely or agree to forgo especially in favor of another.
T
Thought - Thinking: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- an idea; an instance of thinking. the state or condition of thinking.
- Thought or thinking is a mental process which allows beings to model the world, and so to deal with it effectively according to their goals, plans, ends and desires. Words referring to similar concepts and processes in the English language include cognition, sentience, consciousness, idea, and imagination.
Thinking involves manipulation of information, as when we form concepts, engage in problem solving, reason and make decisions. Thinking is a higher cognitive function and the analysis of thinking processes is part of cognitive psychology.
Time: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Time has historically been closely related with space, most obviously with spacetime in Einstein's general relativity. According to the scientific theory of special relativity, the concept of time depends on the spatial context, and the human perception is only a local observed quantity which has meaning only in a relative sense —ie. between object and observer.
Time has long been a major subject of science, philosophy and art. The measurement of time has also occupied scientists and technologists, and was a prime motivation in astronomy. Time is also a matter of significant social importance, having economic value ("time is money") as well as personal value, due to an awareness of the limited time in each day and in our lives. This article looks at some of the main philosophical and scientific issues relating to time.
Transference: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Transference is a phenomenon in psychology characterized by unconscious redirection of feelings of one person to another. For instance, one could mistrust somebody who resembles an ex-spouse in manners, voice, or external appearance; or be overly compliant to someone who resembles a childhood friend.
Transfer of Learning: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- The Theory of Transfer of Learning was introduced by Thorndike and Woodworth (1901). They explored how individuals would transfer learning in one context to another context that shared similar characteristics.
Their theory implied that transfer of learning depends on the learning task and the transfer task being identical, also known as 'identical elements'. There is a close relationship between transfer of learning and problem solving, since transfer of learning generally occurs when previous knowledge is applied to solve a problem in a new situation (Ormrod, 2004).
Trust - Sociology: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Assured resting of the mind on the integrity, veracity, justice, friendship,
or other sound principle, of another person; confidence; reliance.
- Assured anticipation; dependence upon something future or contingent,
as if present or actual; hope; belief.
- That upon which confidence is reposed; ground of reliance; hope.
Truth: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Conformity to a fact or actuality.
- A statement proven to be or accepted as true.
- Sincerity; integrity.
- Fidelity to an original or standard.
- Reality; actuality. That which is considered to be the supreme reality and
to have the ultimate meaning and value of existence.
U
Unarguable ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Not open to argument or further discussion:
- Indisputable fact - “I am feeling sad”
Unity Faith - Spirituality: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- God is the source and creator of all. There is no other enduring power (omnipotence; omniscience).
God is good (omnibenevolence) and present everywhere (omnipresence). (Also see Panentheism).
- We are spiritual beings, created in God’s image. The spirit of God lives within each person;
therefore, all people are inherently good.
- We create our life experiences through our way of thinking.
- There is power in affirmative prayer, which we believe increases our connection to God.
- Knowledge of these spiritual principles is not enough. We must live them.
Unverified ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Lacking proof or substantiation
V
Validation: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- In psychology and human communication, validation is the communication of respect for a communication partner, which involves the acknowledgment that the other's opinions are legitimate.
Values - Personal and Cultural: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Values are our subjective reactions to the world around us.
They guide and mold our options and behavior. Values have three important characteristics.
- First, values are developed early in life and are very resistant to change.
- Values develop out of our direct experiences with people who are important to us, particularly our parents. - - Values rise not out of what people tell us, but as a result how they behave toward us and others.
- Second, values define what is right and what is wrong. Notice that values do not involve
external, outside standards to tell right or wrong; rather, wrong, good or bad are intrinsic.
- Third, values themselves cannot be proved correct or incorrect, valid or invalid, right or wrong.
If a statement can be proven true or false, then it cannot be a value. Values tell what
we should believe, regardless of any evidence or lack thereof.
- Each individual has certain underlying values that contribute to their value system.
Integrity in the application of a "value" ensures its continuity and this continuity
separates a value from beliefs, opinion and ideas
Values and Virtues: ( wikipedia )
Value System: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- A value system refers to how an individual or a group of individuals organize their
ethical or ideological values. A well-defined value system is a moral code.
Vanity: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
Vice: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- A bad habit - The term vice is also popularly applied to various activities considered immoral by some;
a list of these might include the use of alcohol and other recreational drugs, gambling, recklessness, cheating, lying, selfishness.
Victim - Locus of Control: ( wikipedia ) - See Self Efficacy
- The Locus of control is a concept in psychology, originally developed by Julian Rotter in the 1950s
- People tend to ascribe their chances of future successes or failures either to internal or external causes. Persons with an internal locus of control see themselves as responsible for the outcomes of their own actions. These individuals often believe that they control their destiny, and are often observed to excel in educational or vocational realms. Someone with an external locus of control, on the other hand, sees environmental causes and situational factors as being more important than internal ones. These individuals would be more likely to see luck rather than effort as determining whether they succeed or fail in the future, and are more likely to view themselves as the victim in any given situation.
Victim - Payoffs: From the Bridge Newsletter - June
Q: What exactly is our personal payoff for choosing to be a victim by
judging, blaming or projecting our emotional states onto others or circumstances?
To make us feel in control, superior, accepted, safe, secure........?
Here are reasons I've uncovered and experienced for victimhood payoffs:
1. We get to be the center of our own (and others) attention. (Egocentric)
2. A need to get approval from others who resonate at the same level.
3. We get to project responsibility for our situation and feelings on to someone else.
4. We get to distract ourselves from the work we may need to do on ourselves.
(Healing our conditioned sense of separation?)
Virtue: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Virtue is moral excellence of a person.
- A virtue is a character trait valued as being good.
- The conceptual opposite of virtue is vice.
Visualization * - Mental Images: ( wikipedia - wiktionary ) - See Autosuggestion
- in psychology: The process of creating internal mental images (internal visualization and imagination)
- A mental image is the representation of an idea in a person's mind. The ability to form and recall mental images, to learn about the world from them, and to communicate to others about them is a central characteristic of the human species.
Volition: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- The act or an instance of making a conscious choice or decision.
- The mental power or ability of choosing; the will
- Volition is the study of will, choice, and decision. As one of the three primary human endowments, volition can range from Put First Thing First to avoiding responsibility.[1] Choice is the familiar, and volition the scientific, term for the same state of the will; viz., an "elective preference".
Vow: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- A vow (Lat. votum, vow, promise; see vote) is a transaction between a person and his/her/its deity whereby the former undertakes in the future to render some service or gift or devotes something valuable now and here to his use. The vow is a kind of oath, with the deity being both the witness and recipient of the promise.
Vulnerable: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Vulnerability is the susceptibility to physical or emotional injury or attack. It also means to have one's guard down, open to censure or criticism; assailable. Vulnerability refers to a person's state of being liable to succumb, as to persuasion or temptation.
W
Wants: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- a want is something you desire, distinct from a need which is something you have to have. It's said that we have unlimited wants, but limited supplied resources. Thus, we can't have everything we want and must look for the best alternatives sometimes that will cost us less. This may be distressing to some people and may lead to depression which can be avoided if other people can give them their original wants so long as it's not a great burden on others.
Will: ( wikipedia - wiktionary ) Free Will: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- (philosophy) The ability to choose one's actions, or determine
what reasons are acceptable motivation for actions.
- (philosophy) The doctrine that humans (and possibly other entities)
are able to choose their actions without being caused to do so by external forces.
- The mental faculty by which one deliberately chooses or decides upon a course of action:
championed freedom of will against a doctrine of predetermination.
- The act of exercising the will.
- Diligent purposefulness; determination: an athlete with the will to win.
- Self-control; self-discipline: lacked the will to overcome the addiction.
- A desire, purpose, or determination, especially of one in authority:
It is the sovereign's will that the prisoner be spared.
- Deliberate intention or wish: Let it be known that I took this course of action against my will.
Willingness:
- Of or relating to exercise of the will; volitional.
Withhold: ( wikipedia - wiktionary ) - See Manipulation and Trust
- To keep (information, feelings, etc) to oneself rather than revealing it.
- Withholding is a form of Lying and manipulation.
Wisdom: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Wisdom is the ability, developed through experience, insight and reflection, to discern truth and exercise good judgment. It is sometimes conceptualized as an especially well developed form of common sense. Most psychologists regard wisdom as distinct from the cognitive abilities measured by standardized intelligence tests. Wisdom is often considered to be a trait that can be developed by experience, but not taught. When applied to practical matters, the term wisdom is synonymous with prudence. Some see wisdom as a quality that even a child, otherwise immature, may possess independent of experience or complete knowledge.
- The status of wisdom or prudence as a virtue is recognized in cultural, philosophical and religious sources. Some define wisdom in a utilitarian sense, as foreseeing consequences and acting to maximize the long-term common good.
Wonder: See Curiosity & Sincerity
Worry: ( wikipedia - wiktionary )
- Disturb the peace of mind of; afflict with mental agitation or distress.
- To be troubled, to give way to mental anxiety
- Worry refers to negative self-talk that often detracts the mind from focusing on the problem at hand.
- A well accepted theory of anxiety originally posited by Liebert and Morris in 1967 suggests that anxiety consists of two components; worry and emotionality. Emotionality refers to physiological symptoms
such as sweating, increased heart beat and raised blood pressure.
X,Y,Z
|
